Alternative Energy Political Economic And Social FeasibilityDownload Free Software Programs Online11/30/2016 Environmental, social and economic impacts of biofuel production in Canada. This Web page has been archived on the Web. Petition: No. 2. 05 Issue(s): Agriculture, climate change, natural resources, science and technology, and transport. Petitioner(s): Beyond Factory Farming Coalition. Date Received: 1 June 2. Status: Completed Summary: The petition raises concerns about federal policies, programs, and expenditures on biofuels, including ethanol and biodiesel. The petitioner is particularly concerned about federal expenditure on biofuel as a means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, given the assertion that increased biofuel use will have a negligible impact on overall emissions. The Climate Change Conference held in Qatar this year generated a lot of comment on what Gulf states are doing about climate change. Ironically the host country itself is the highest per capita carbon emitter in the world.Energy development is a field of endeavor focused on making available sufficient primary energy sources and secondary energy forms to meet the needs of society. These endeavors encompass those which provide for the production. The petitioner also raises questions about the extent to which the use of agricultural land for biofuel production will jeopardize Canada. Federal Departments Responsible for Reply: Agriculture and Agri- Food Canada, Environment Canada, Health Canada, Industry Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Transport Canada, Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. Petition. June 1, 2. Office of the Auditor General of Canada. Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development. Attention: Petitions. Sparks Street. Ottawa, Ontario K1. A 0. G6 Please be advised that on behalf of the Beyond Factory Farming Coalition, I am submitting a petition under the Auditor General Act and have enclosed the petition as an attachment. Sincerely . In this review, the Commissioner of the Environment and Sustainable Development indicated that Natural Resources Canada has calculated that gasoline blended with 1. However, the Commissioner could not find any evidence that the multi- year Ethanol Expansion Program (EEP), launched in 2. Eleven projects were funded through EEP totaling $1. The Commissioner further recommended that, . The eco. Agriculture Biofuels Capital Initiative ($2. Agricultural Bioproducts Innovation Program ($1. As an energy policy, he casts doubt on the notion that biofuel production will decrease Canada's dependence on fossil fuels, pointing out that Canada would have to use 3. GENI Keywords: Multilateral Organizations, Global Model Index, Very Large Solar Systems in the Desert, Rural Electrification, Clean Development Mechanism, Renewable Energy Potential of. Political Report to the Tenth Cosatu National Congress. Theme: Consolidating Working Class Power in Defense of Decent Work and for Socialism. Part 1: Reflection on the Domestic. Sustainable development of energy systems requires consideration of all three sustainability dimensions: environmental, economic and social. He also questions the rationale for allocating farmland to energy production rather than food production. As a measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, . Despite strong hopes for higher grain prices, there is still much uncertainty about the effect of an increased demand for grains for biofuel production. Food and feed markets could well be affected, and production adjustments may offset the higher prices to the farmer. This expenditure coincides with the Government's intent to regulate the requirement that Canadian gasoline contain a 5 percent renewable content, such as ethanol, by 2. The Federal Budget Plan claims that renewable fuels are cleaner fuels that reduce air pollution and lower greenhouse gas emissions. The $2 billion will come in the form of a $1. The remaining $5. Agriculture and Agri- Food Canada states that these programs will create new economic opportunities for our farmers and the agricultural sector. Natural Resources Canada indicate that societal and economic benefits' from the production of ethanol comes in the form of regional economic growth and job creation by strengthening and diversifying rural economies. Canada's New Government Climate Change Plan commits to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the non- major industrial sector by 4. This includes fuel efficiency of cars and light trucks, energy efficiency standards for a number of energy using products, a commitment to renewable fuel content in gasoline, diesel and heating oil, and requiring the use of best practices to reduce emissions from unintentional fugitive sources. It should be noted that automotive fuels containing a minimum of 5 percent by volume of ethanol is licensed under Canada's Environmental Choice Program (ECP) and is allowed to carry the Eco. Logo brand mark indicating that the product will produce an environmental benefit. According to ECP and their review of current available life cycle information, ethanol will produce an environmental benefit through reduced toxic emissions into the atmosphere. And finally, Canada is a signatory to the World Food Summit Plan of Action of 1. Rome Declaration on World Food Security. One hundred and eighty- seven countries signed the declaration, which called for a reduction by half in the number of undernourished people on the globe by 2. Specific questions. What greenhouse gas reductions were attributable to the Ethanol Expansion Program? What was the greenhouse gas target set by this program? Were the expected outcomes of the EEP achieved in greenhouse gas reductions? What are (or were) the costs in per tonne of carbon reduction for this program? How does this cost per tonne compare to other greenhouse gas reduction programs implemented by the Federal government? Please provide a comparison of anticipated carbon reduction costs for the various programs announced in the new Climate Change Plan? The Federal government is committing $2. What specific greenhouse gas reduction targets have been established for these new investments? What will be the anticipated or expected greenhouse gas reductions resulting from the new $2. What will be the expected cost per tonne of carbon for these reductions? How and when will these be measured and reported to Canadians? Which peer- reviewed reports, studies and/or scientific reviews which indicate that positive environmental and health benefits can be achieved from biofuel (ethanol and biodiesel) production and use in Canada, do the Federal government have? In order to achieve a mandated 5 percent renewable content in gasoline and 2 percent renewable content in diesel, what portion of Canada's productive farmland will be converted to growing crops for fuel? What impacts will this conversion have on the environment? What economic impacts will this conversion have on other segments of agriculture and society, such as the feed industry and the price and availability of food in Canada? What impacts will this conversion have on Canada's obligation to help reduce global hunger and malnourishment in half by 2. How many new jobs will the $2. Where will these new jobs be located and what will be the approximate cost per job? Which economic forecasts and reports were used to base these predictions? What life cycle analysis has the federal government done in order to grant ethanol a license under the Environmental Choice Program? What criteria were used to evaluate environmental benefits of this program? What specific environmental benefits were achieved as a result of licensing ethanol under this program? How often has this product's environmental performance been reviewed based on the availability of new information which suggests there are no environmental benefits from ethanol production and use? What are the scientific results and conclusions of these reviews? Federal departments and agencies that need to respond. Agriculture and Agri- Food Canada. Environment Canada. Natural Resources Canada. Health Canada Additional information. Life cycle research by Tad Patzek (2. David Pimental (2. While many have argued that the energy output is greater from grain based ethanol and that there is a slight reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, Patzek and Pimental track emissions as far back as the production cycle and do not assume ethanol by- products substantially displace other products and their associated emissions. Mark Jacobson (2. US each year. The International Institute for Sustainable Development and the Global Subsidies Institute (2. US and suggest that Canada should avoid US style biofuel subsidies as they are costly, they seriously distort the market, the environmental benefits are small and the potential for unintended consequences is large. They conclude by saying the US Congress and States should declare a moratorium on all proposals for increasing or expanding subsidies to liquid biofuels and start removing the existing ones that are in place. From a global perspective, Lester Brown (2. Earth Policy Institute predicts that increased ethanol production and the 8. According to Brown, the corn required to fill an SUV tank with ethanol just once could feed one person for a year. The food for car conflict has already created increases in global food prices. Corn prices have doubled over the last year and wheat futures are trading at their highest level in 1. Some 1. 6 percent of the US grain harvest was used to produce ethanol and it is predicted by the end of 2. US will go towards fuel (Brown 2. Brown, Lester R., Exploding US Grain Demand for Automotive Fuel Threatens World Food Security and Political Stability, Earth Policy Institute, November 3, 2. Government support for ethanol and biodiesel in the United States Prepared by Doug Koplow, Earth Track Inc., October 2. Addressing Global Warming, Air Pollution Health Damage, and Long- Term Energy Needs Simultaneously (http: //www. Jacobson, Mark, Effects of Ethanol (E8. Versus Gasoline Vehicles on Cancer and Mortality in the United States Environmental Science and Technology, in press Feb. The Real Biofuel Cycles Submitted for Journal Publication March 1. Patzek, T. W., Anti, S. M., Campos, R, Ha, K. W., Lee, J., Li, B., Padnick, J., and Yess, S. A, 2. 00. 5, Ethanol from corn: Clean renewable fuel for the future or drain on our resources and pocket? Environment, Development & Sustainability 7: 3. Pimental, D., Pleasant, A., Barron, J., Gaudioso, j., Pollock, N., Chae, E., Kim, Y., Lassiter, A., Schiavoni, c., Lee, M., and Eaton, A. US energy conservation and efficiency: Benefits and costs Environmental Development & Sustainability, v. Glen Koroluk Community Organizer Beyond Factory Farming Coalition 3rd Floor, 3. Portage Avenue Winnipeg, Manitoba R3. B 2. B4 Dear Mr. Koroluk: I am writing in response to your environmental petition (Petition No. Canada. I appreciate being made aware of your concerns. Due to the nature of the issues raised in the petition, a response to your query has been prepared by several departments. Home - ENERGIA@techreport. This Research Area applies a gender perspective to explore: (i) the energy sources used by micro and small enterprises in the informal food sector; (ii) the changes that may be brought by use of modern energy services (MESs) both within the enterprise itself and at household level; and (iii) how energy changes in enterprises influence economic and social empowerment of both men and women. Phase 1 of this research employed a mixed methods approach in Rwanda, Senegal and South Africa, involving: 1) a literature review covering energy, the informal food sector, gender, and relevant policies; 2) a questionnaire survey of enterprises in the informal food sector; and 3) in- depth interviews with enterprise owners or employees. The key findings of Phase 1 include: - The literature review, which explored the energy and gender dimension of entrepreneurs in the informal food sector in the study sites and beyond, finding that despite the relatively high number of studies on the informal food sector and particularly on street there is hardly discussion on gendered energy use. In addition, survivalist versus growth- oriented approaches were identified as important concepts for exploring the informal food sector, entrepreneurship and empowerment.- The questionnaire survey and in- depth interviews, which explored a range of questions regarding enterprises, their production, energy use, and empowerment, established that informal enterprises depend on a wide range energy sources, and are faced with accessibility, and affordability issues.- The scoping research confirms that energy use at home does contribute to the enterprise in a number of ways.
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